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Milltown is a borough in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 6,893,〔〔〔 reflecting a decrease of 107 (-1.5%) from the 7,000 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 32 (+0.5%) from the 6,968 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 28, 2012.〕 Milltown was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on January 29, 1889, from portions of North Brunswick Township, based on the results of a referendum held three days earlier. The borough was reincorporated by resolution of the borough council on May 2, 1896. A portion of East Brunswick Township was annexed in 1902.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 171. Accessed August 27, 2012.〕 Originally known as Bergen's Mill, named for Jacob I. Bergen who owned the grist mill,〔Clayton, W. Woodford. (''History of Union and Middlesex Counties, New Jersey: With Biographical Sketches of Many of Their Pioneers and Prominent Men'' ), p. 749. Everts & Peck, 1889. Accessed September 7, 2015. "A grist-mill was built where Milltown now is, on the North Brunswick side of Lawrence's Brook, at a very early day. Soon after the beginning of the present century it was owned by Jacob I. Bergen, and called Bergen's Mill."〕 the name is believed to have become "Milltown" from residents "going to the mill in town".〔(History ), Borough of Milltown. Accessed September 7, 2015. "Fire destroys the rubber factory and Meyer's home, leaving him penniless. John Ford advances Meyer the money to rebuild. It is in this period of time that the name Bergen's Mill begins to be replaced with Milltown, most likely stemming from people saying they are 'going to the mill in town.'"〕 As of the 2000 Census, the center of population for New Jersey was located in Milltown, at Milltown Road, just east of the New Jersey Turnpike (see (map of location )).〔(Population and Population Centers by State: 2000 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 16, 2006.〕 The groundbreaking anxiolytic and sedative drug Miltown (meprobamate), which first came to market in the mid-1950s, was named after the town of Milltown.〔via Los Angeles Times. ("Frank Berger, leader of mood-drug movement, dies" ), ''Newsday'', March 23, 2008. Accessed April 2, 2008. "He and his colleagues made a short film about the effects of the drug on rhesus monkeys, which created enough interest that Wallace, a subsidiary of Carter Products, brought it to market in May 1955, naming it 'Miltown' after the nearby village of Milltown, N.J."〕 ==History== Long before the arrival of the first Europeans, the Lenape had established settlements along the Lawrence Brook. The discovery of many artifacts in the area above today's municipal building (now a small county park) suggests the presence of a Native American settlement.〔Luery, H. Rodney, (''The Story of Milltown'' ), A.S. Barnes, ISBN 9780498079603.〕 In 1678, Thomas Lawrence, a New York baker, acquired a large area around the Lawrence Brook, which likely included today's Milltown. The Lawrence Brook was then called Piscopeek (and on later maps, Lawrence's Brook). The names and marks of several Native Americans (Quemareck, Quesiacs, Isarick, Metapis, Peckawan and Turantaca) appear on the bill of sale.〔Source : Indian Bill of sale - 1678 (New Jersey State Museum, Trenton).〕 In 1769, Fulcard Van Nordstrand advertised the sale of a large gristmill on the bank of Lawrence Brook. It would soon be called Lawrence Brook Mill.〔(History of the Mill ), Borough of Milltown. Accessed October 26, 2011.〕 The 1903 classic western film ''The Great Train Robbery'' was shot in Milltown.〔 In March 2010, the Milltown City Council voted against changing the name of Petain Avenue, citing the difficulties that the street's residents would endure if the name changed.〔Applebome, Peter. ("A Local Street and a Lesson in History" ), ''The New York Times'', March 7, 2010. Accessed October 26, 2011. "Just ask local officials, aggrieved residents of a neighboring town and the folks on Petain Avenue, a tiny, two-house side street in this placid central New Jersey borough. All have suddenly had to confront the legacy of the French World War I war hero and World War II Nazi collaborator, for whom the street is named, and the balance between the burdens of the past and the demands of living in the present."〕〔Chang, Kathy. ("Milltown officials debate Petain street name issue " ), ''East Brunswick Sentinel'', March 18, 2010. Accessed October 26, 2011. "No one disputes the facts surrounding the street’s namesake, Philippe Pétain, and his link to the Nazis during World War II. However, Mayor Gloria Bradford and Borough Council members said they have been stymied because of the “hardship” that residents who live on the street would have to endure if the street name is changed."〕 Petain Avenue is named for Philippe Pétain, a French World War I general who became the leader of the Vichy France government during World War II. The Vichy Regime willfully collaborated with Nazi Germany, taking state action against "undesirables", including Jews, Protestants, gays, gypsies, and left-wing activists. In total, the Vichy government participated in the deportation of 76,000 Jews to German extermination camps, although this number varies depending on the account; only 2,500 survived the war.〔Jean-Luc Einaudi and Maurice Rajsfus (2001), op.cit., p.17〕 After the war, Petain was charged with perjury and sentenced to death, though this was commuted to life imprisonment due to his advanced age. France has since changed the name of every street formerly known as Petain.〔Tagliabue, John. ("Both Hero and Traitor, but No Longer on the Map" ), ''The New York Times'', January 2, 2011. Accessed June 27, 2011. "After World War I, virtually every town in France had its Rue or Avenue Pétain. So vast was his fame that a dozen or so towns and cities in the United States also named streets for him. But when the signs here change this month, the last street in France bearing his name will have disappeared."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Milltown, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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